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CentOS7二进制安装MySQL5.6

mysql历史版本官方下载地址

mysql官网

mysql github地址

1.安装依赖包

yum -y install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf bison-devel ncurses-devel libaio-devel numactl

2.下载MySQL5.6二进制包

export MYSQL_VERSION=5.6.51
wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.6/mysql-${MYSQL_VERSION}-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3.解压缩mysql二进制包到 /usr/local

tar xf mysql-${MYSQL_VERSION}-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

4.修改目录名称、做软连接

mv /usr/local/mysql-${MYSQL_VERSION}-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql-${MYSQL_VERSION}
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-${MYSQL_VERSION} /usr/local/mysql

5.创建mysql用户

useradd mysql -s /bin/nologin -M

6.编辑主配置文件

警告

mysql5.6二进制包中 support-files/my-default.cnf 有示例配置文件，这里选择手动编辑基础配置文件

⚠️如果指定了mysql的socket文件位置，则必须添加 [client] 标签并同时指定socket文件位置，否则客户端会从 /tmp 下找socket文件

# 备份/etc/my.cnf
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.old

# 以下配置为最精简版，可根据实际情况进行相应设置
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<'EOF'
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

[client]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
EOF

7.创建socket文件目录

mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql

8.相关目录、文件授权

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql* /var/lib/mysql /etc/my.cnf

9.拷贝启动脚本

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

10.初始化mysql

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

mysql5.6初始化参数说明

参数	说明
--user	指定mysql用户
--basedir	指定mysql安装目录
--datadir	指定mysql数据目录

11.导出mysql命令环境变量

# 导出mysql命令环境变量
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

# 使配置生效
source /etc/profile

12.配置systemd管理mysql

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF

13.启动mysql、检查启动

# 重新加载systemd系统服务
systemctl daemon-reload

# 启动mysql并加入开机自启
systemctl start mysqld && systemctl enable mysqld

查看

# 查看mysql端口
$ netstat -ntpl  | grep 3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      31349/mysqld  

14.进入mysql并设置密码

# 进入mysql
mysql

# 设置mysql密码
mysql> set password='123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

到此，mysql5.6二进制安装完成！！！

如果设置mysql密码遇到报错，这是因为mysql要求输入16进制

mysql> set password='123';
ERROR 1372 (HY000): Password hash should be a 41-digit hexadecimal number

先查询16进制

mysql> select password('123');
+-------------------------------------------+
| password('PAPAqike.com!1')                |
+-------------------------------------------+
| *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 |
+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

再进行设置即可

mysql> set password='*23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)